When you expose PCBs to moisture, dust, or chemicals, it can damage the delicate components of a PCB, which leads to issues such as short circuits and malfunctions. To prevent this, two popular methods are used: potting and conformal coating.
In this blog, we will compare these two methods to help you choose the best protection for your PCB.
What is PCB Potting?
Potting is a method of enclosing the entire PCB in a resin potting compound. The resin is poured over the PCB to fill all the gaps and cover all the components. It then hardens and creates a resistant barrier around the PCB.
The purpose of PCB potting compounds is to provide a high level of protection for the PCB. It is commonly used in applications where the PCB is exposed to harsh environments, such as outdoor electronics, automotive systems, and industrial equipment.
Common Materials Used in PCB Potting Compounds
There are various types of PCB potting compounds available, and each has its special features. Some of the common materials are epoxy and silicone.
Epoxy is a durable material known for its excellent mechanical strength and chemical resistance. It provides a strong, rigid barrier around the PCB, which makes it good for protecting components from physical stress and harsh environmental conditions. However, epoxy can be quite rigid, so it may not be suitable for all applications, especially where flexibility is required.
Silicone, on the other hand, is highly resistant to extreme temperatures which makes it okay to use for both hot and cold environments. However, it scatters heat poorly when compared to epoxy.
What is Conformal Coating?
Conformal coating is another method of protecting PCBs. In conformal coating, a thin protective layer is applied on the surface of the PCB. The coating is usually applied using a spray, dip, or brush method.
It is commonly used in applications where the PCB is exposed to relatively mild environmental conditions, such as consumer electronics and medical devices. Conformal coating also provides electrical insulation for the PCB.
Comparison Between Potting and Conformal Coating
Here are some differences between potting and conformal coating.
Level of Protection
When it comes to protecting a PCB from environmental factors, potting is usually preferred. This is because PCB potting compounds surround and encase every component and act as a resistant shield against moisture, dust, chemicals, and physical stress. This makes potting particularly suited for applications in harsh environments, such as automotive or industrial settings, where the PCBs are likely to face extreme conditions.
Conformal coatings, on the other hand, may fail in harsh environments. The coating may also wear off over time and leave the PCB exposed to potential damage. However, conformal coating is okay for applications with lower exposure to environmental factors.
Thermal Management
Extreme heat can cause malfunctions and even damage components in electronic devices. When it comes to conducting heat, PCB potting compounds perform better than conformal coatings.
The resin used in PCB potting compounds usually conducts heat better so heat scatters easily. This makes potting a better option for applications with higher power requirements or in hot environments.
Weight and Size Impact
PCB potting compounds add weight and bulk to the PCB and this may not work in certain applications. In some consumer electronics and portable devices where size and weight matter, this factor is very important.
On the other hand, conformal coatings are thin and lightweight, so they are a better option for weight-sensitive applications.
Cost
When it comes to cost, conformal coating is a cheaper option. The material and application costs are usually lower compared to PCB potting compounds. Conformal coatings also require less equipment and are easier to apply, which is helpful in high-volume production.
PCB potting compounds, on the other hand, are generally more expensive due to the cost of the resin and the needed equipment. However, potting can be cheaper in the long run, since it provides a better level of protection.
When to Use Potting vs. Conformal Coating
Now that we have compared the two methods, you may be wondering which one to choose for your PCB. To make this decision, you need to consider the specific needs of your application.
Potting is a better option if your PCB is usually exposed to harsh environments, such as outdoor equipment or industrial systems. It is also suitable for high-voltage circuits or those with high power requirements. Potting can also be used for applications with high levels of vibration or shock since it adds mechanical strength to the PCB.
Conformal coating is better suited for applications with milder environmental conditions. It is also a good option for weight-sensitive devices or those that may require rework or repair. Conformal coatings are also a good choice for applications where the PCB needs to be electrically insulated.
What We Do At LHD Tech
At LHD Tech, we know the importance of protecting PCBs in electronic devices. We offer several PCB protection solutions, including PCB potting compounds and conformal coatings, to meet any specific need you have.
Contact us today to learn more about our PCB protection solutions and how we can help you improve the strength of your electronic devices.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can LHD Tech provide custom solutions for PCB protection?
Yes, we understand that every application is unique, and we can provide custom solutions to meet your specific needs.
Can LHD Tech help with material selection for PCB protection?
Absolutely! Our experts can help you choose the best material for your PCB protection needs. We will take into consideration factors such as your application, environmental conditions, and budget.
Can LHD Tech assist with rework or repair of PCBs with existing potting or conformal coating?
Yes, we can provide guidance and services for rework or repair of PCBs with existing potting or conformal coating. Our experienced team will help you overcome any challenges so you can protect your PCB the way you want.
